The content of impurity elements and non-metallic inclusions in steel has very strict control requirements. The sulfur and phosphorus content of steel is generally required to be no more than 0.01%, and there are also quite strict control requirements for hydrogen, oxygen and S content of low melting point metals. Using proper tip smelting technology can reduce the content of impurity elements and make non-metallic inclusions float and separate to produce clean steel. The decrease of non-metallic inclusion content, size and distribution can significantly improve the toughness, plasticity, cold workability, performance uniformity and fatigue performance of steel (especially fatigue life and reliability).
Metals -> Steels -> Alloy steels