Explanation

Also known as Cooper pair. A bound electron pair formed by the weak attractive interaction between two electrons in a metal. Cooper proved in 1956 that for two electrons in a metal, if there is an attractive interaction between them, no matter how weak the interaction is, it will inevitably cause them to form a bound state. One can simply understand the formation of Cooper electron pair through the following classical explanation: because electrons are negatively charged, electrons in metals are mutually exclusive. However, electrons will engage in attractive interactions with positively charged atomic nuclei on the lattice lattice. This attraction leads to the distortion of the local lattice lattice, making the ions on the lattice slightly close to the electron and leading to the increase of the nearby local positive charge density. At this point, the locally enhanced positive charge region will attract other electrons, forming electron pair coupling. The distance between the two electrons forming a Cooper pair can reach hundreds of nanometers.

Classification