Explanation

surface of materials refers to the whole surface layer whose structure and physical properties are different from those of the bulk phase. The atomic coordination on the surface is incomplete compared with the coordination of each atom inside the crystal. The atoms on the surface have only one side of the adjacent atoms. Because of its high energy, the combination between them is also weaker than that inside. When foreign atoms are deposited on the surface atoms, energy will be released, resulting in surface adsorption.

Classification