Explanation

It is a synthesis method that uses the template required for forming materials as the main configuration to control, affect and modify the morphology of materials, control materials, and then regulate the properties of materials. This method realizes the control of the size, morphology and structure of the synthesized nanomaterials based on the spatial confinement of the template. It has the advantages of simple operation, high repetition rate, good predictability and controllable size, morphology and structure of the synthesized materials. The traditional template method is divided into hard template method and soft template method. The hard template is mainly represented by porous anodic aluminum oxide and porous silicon, which can be designed according to the size and morphology of the target materials. Based on the good spatial confinement and regulation of the template, the micro size and spatial orderly arrangement of the target nanomaterials can be controlled to synthesize the required nanomaterials. The preparation of nanomaterials by hard template method can be combined with electrochemical deposition, sol-gel method, immersion deposition, chemical deposition and other means to copy the structure and morphology of the template into the product through the filling and wrapping of precursors, and then remove the template through acid alkali dissolution, high-temperature decomposition and other means to synthesize the target nanomaterials. Soft template is a relatively stable molecular system formed by a large number of molecules. Through intermolecular force and spatial confinement ability, it can induction and control the regular assembly of free precursors, thus controlling the composition, structure, morphology, size, orientation and layout of nanomaterials. Compared with hard templates, the removal of templates in the later stage of soft templates is more convenient, but the structural stability of soft templates is poor.

Classification