Explanation

A kind of clay with montmorillonite as the main mineral component, also known as amargosite or bentonite. Later, clay and clay rock with the physical properties of bentonite were collectively referred to as bentonite. bentonite contains 85% -90% montmorillonite, and a small amount of kadinite, illite, quartze, feldspar, caldte, bedite, gypsum and other impurities. zeolite minerals and palygorskite are also found in some bentonite. bentonite has various colors, often including white, gray, grayish green, light yellow green, pink, flesh red, brick red, brown red, gray black, etc. Greasy, waxy, and earthy luster. Common shell like fractures, dense block like or loose soil like. Having a muddy or silty structure. According to chemical composition, it can be divided into sodium bentonite and calcium bentonite; According to physical properties, it can be divided into soft bentonite and hard bentonite. bentonite has strong expansibility and hygroscopicity, and can absorb 8-15 times of its own volume of water. The volume expansion can reach several to tens of times, with strong plasticity and fire resistance, as well as strong cation exchange ability. It has a certain adsorption capacity for various gases and liquids, and the maximum adsorption capacity can reach 5 times of its own mass. The acidified bentonite also has the ability to adsorb colored ions, and bentonite can be dispersed into gelled and suspended forms in the water medium. This medium solution has certain viscosity, thixotropy, or lubricity. Therefore, bentonite is widely used in agriculture as adhesive, suspending agent, plasticizer, thickener, lubricant, thixotropic agent, coagulant, stabilizer, purification decolorant, catalyst, filler, word material mixture, fertilizer and pesticide carrier, etc. The performance of sodium bentonite is better than that of calcium bentonite, so it is the most widely used. Maximum usage. The amount of calcareous bentonite is only one sixth of that, but calcareous bentonite is modified. It can greatly improve and improve its performance. China has a large amount of bentonite resources, but there are few sodium types.

Classification