Explanation
It refers to an implanted prosthesis that simulates the function of human joints and replaces diseased or damaged joints. The basic requirements for artificial joint materials are: good biocompatibility; Excellent mechanical properties; Wear and corrosion resistance; Light weight and suitable elastic modulus. Because a single materials is often difficult to meet the above requirements at the same time. Therefore, in clinical application. Different materials are often used in combination. The common materials of artificial joint are stainless steel, cobalt based alloy, titanium and titanium alloy; Alumina, zirconia, hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass-ceramics, carbon materials and other biological materials: polyester, silicone rubber and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene plastics. artificial joint can be divided into half joint and whole joint. Half joint is only a part of the replacement joint. A joint surface; Total joint replacement is the replacement of the entire joint. All artificial joint are composed of joint body and handle. The design of the joint body must conform to the anatomical characteristics of the original joint, with a smooth surface to facilitate movement. The handle is rod-shaped, making it easy to insert into the bone marrow cavity for fixation, and the two are connected to form a whole. artificial joint has been widely used in all joints of limbs and vertebral body replacement of spine. Attention should be paid to prevent early complications during and after surgery, but long-term use has also found adverse results.
Classification
Biomedical materials -> Orthopaedic materials