Explanation

Also called dental implant. It is a medical device that is surgically implanted into the jawbone, under the periosteum of the jawbone, or in soft tissue to replace natural tooth roots to support artificial crowns and restore chewing function. The main types include submucosal, subperiosteal, intraosseous, root canal, and dental bone joint grafting The submucosal implant is made of metal and alloy and has button, mushroom and mesh shapes. It is implantation under the oral and maxillofacial mucosa tissue as the foundation pile of the supporting prosthesis. ② The subperiosteal implant, mainly made of metal or metal ceramics composite materials, is implantation under the jaw periosteum to support the demure prosthesis. ③ Intraosseous implant is the most widely used dental implant in preclinical practice. It is mainly made of titanium metal, titanium alloy or titanium metal ceramics composite materials. Intraosseous implants have various shapes. Spiral implants, cylindrical implants and leaf shaped implants are widely used. Spiral implants and cylindrical implants are similar to dental roots in shape, with less surgical trauma and good support. They can be used as dental implant for the repair of individual tooth loss, or as intraoral implants for the repair of multiple tooth loss or complete tooth loss, Especially the improved segmented spiral implant can reduce the absorption problems caused by infection and stress after the coffin is placed. The human body of the leafy coffin is characterized by various morphological changes. The implantation body has a large contact area with the bone, and can resist large vertical and lateral forces to obtain sufficient mechanical alignment. The disadvantage is that there is significant damage to bone tissue during the implantation process. In addition, there are needle shaped, nail shaped, dendritic, anchor shaped, etc., as well as the intra osseous subperiosteal combined implant that connects the intra osseous with the subperiosteal. The latter is to implant the base post into the chanting bone, and the wings of the post are embedded under the periosteum on both sides of the apical ridge, which can strengthen retention and stabilize ④ the tooth bone combined implant. A implant that connects teeth and bones together. The needle shaped implant is made of metallic materials such as cobalt chromium alloy, titanium alloy, tantalum, etc. It can be used to place short root teeth, loose teeth and residual root crowns. Its characteristic is that the implanted human body enters the jawbone through the teeth, which can avoid the formation of gingival pocket and the occurrence of infection.

Classification